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Based on NZQA 18317

People credited with this unit standard are able to: describe the principles of interpretation; describe and compare personal and non personal interpretation.

• Resources
• Activities

This unit is used in the following specialty

• Tour Guiding

Describe the principles of interpretation

• Interpretation is described in terms of its key principles.

Range: principles of interpretation - relate to the participants’ personality and experience, revelation based on information, is an art and therefore teachable, provocation not instruction, a whole idea addressed to the whole person; evidence is required for at least four principles.

• Interpretation is described in terms of the importance of, and inter relationships between, the essential ingredients.

Range: interpretive message, audience, setting and context, interpretive technique.

• Interpretation is described in terms of the relationship between the interpretive techniques and the media used for delivery.

Range: evidence is required for at least two techniques.

Describe and compare personal and non personal interpretation

• Personal and non personal interpretation are described in terms of the techniques available.

Range: personal interpretation techniques - guided tour, point duty, roving interpretation, presentations, demonstration, living history, interactive interpretation, lecture or talk, drama; non personal interpretation techniques - print media, self guided programmes, self guiding signs; exhibits; visitor centres; museums; paintings; sculptures; buildings; audio visual devices - stationary tape repeater, portable cassette player, closed circuit television, computer, laser disc, video, slide show, power point; participatory or interactive media - displays which can be handled or operated by visitors, observation hides.

• Personal and non personal interpretation are compared in terms of their strengths and weaknesses in a given context.

Range: at least three contexts; at least three strengths and three weaknesses.

Definitions

• Point duty refers to a situation where the interpreter is standing in one place delivering interpretation to groups of visitors who approach them. Point duty is an effective way of managing large numbers of visitors in a short period of time.
• Enterprise procedures refer to a procedure or practice used and recommended by an organisation involved in the tourism industry. Procedures may cover quality assurance, documentation, security, communication, health and safety, and personal behaviour, and may include time and cost constraints.
• Interpretation refers to a means of communicating ideas and feelings which helps people enrich their understanding and appreciation of their world, and their place in it.
• Personal interpretation refers to a situation where a person is directly responsible for the delivery of interpretation.
• Non personal interpretation refers to a situation where media (such as print or audio visual) are the primary mechanism for the delivery of interpretation.
• Roving interpretation refers to a situation where the interpreter usually approaches participants, and mixes with participants to present information in an informal, impromptu manner.
• Interpretive technique refers to a method of communicating ideas and feelings, by methods such as an audio-visual device, participatory or interactive media, print media, drama performance and role plays, sculpture, displays and signs, sensory activities, and by the spoken word.
• Interpretive theme refers to a general topic reflecting the characteristics of an area, such as a forest, geology, ecology, or culture. Themes on their own do not specify the content to be presented. This is done by a group of messages.
• Interpretive message refers to a simple yet meaningful statement that makes sense in isolation of any other statements. For example, ‘Forests have changed their diversity, structure, and complexity in response to fire’.
• Interpretive presentation refers to the spoken word supplemented by other media, for example, a talk supplemented with a slide show or powerpoint presentation.
• Interpretive concept refers to a strong idea supporting a group of common messages. A concept combines the meaning of common messages.
• Living history refers to a living portrayal of characters or events, incorporating dress, dialect, objects or artefacts and acting. It may involve participant’s active participation, and enables participants to obtain first hand experience in a recreated setting.
• Interactive interpretation refers to a means of engaging an audience with the interpreter or interpretive device. Interactive techniques provoke some kind of response from an audience, so that they cannot remain passive. Interactive techniques include asking questions, surprising behaviour, humour and the use of senses.