Computer Assisted Instruction

Use of computer in education is referred by many names such as-
 * Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI)
 * Computer Aided Instruction (CAI)
 * Computer Assisted Learning (CAL)
 * Computer Based Education (CBE)
 * Computer Based Instruction (CBI)
 * Computer Enriched Instruction (CEI)
 * Computer Managed Instruction (CMI)

New Terminology
 * Web Based Training
 * Web Based Learning
 * Web Based Instruction

Computer-based education (CBE) and computer-based instruction (CBI) are the broadest terms and can refer to virtually any kind of computer use in educational settings. Computer-assisted instruction (CAI) Computer Aided Instruction (CAI) is a narrower term and most often refers to drill-and-practice, tutorial, or simulation activities. Computer-managed instruction (CMI) Computer-managed instruction is an instructional strategy whereby the computer is used to provide learning objectives, learning resources, record keeping, progress tracking, and assessment of learner performance. Computer based tools and applications are used to assist the teacher or school administrator in the management of the learner and instructional process.

Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI)
 * A self-learning technique, usually offline/online, involving interaction of the student with programmed instructional materials.
 * Computer-assisted instruction (CAI) is an interactive instructional technique whereby a computer is used to present the instructional material and monitor the learning that takes place.
 * CAI uses a combination of text, graphics, sound and video in enhancing the learning process. The computer has many purposes in the classroom, and it can be utilized to help a student in all areas of the curriculum.
 * CAI refers to the use of the computer as a tool to facilitate and improve instruction. CAI programs use tutorials, drill and practice, simulation, and problem solving approaches to present topics, and they test the student's understanding.

Typical CAI provides
 * Text or multimedia content
 * Multiple-choice questions
 * Problems
 * Immediate feedback
 * Notes on incorrect responses
 * Summarizes students' performance
 * Exercises for practice
 * Worksheets and tests.

Types of Computer Assisted Instruction
 * Drill-and-practice Drill and practice provide opportunities or students to repeatedly practice the skills that have previously been presented and that further practice is necessary for mastery.
 * Tutorial Tutorial activity includes both the presentation of information and its extension into different forms of work, including drill and practice, games and simulation.
 * Games Game software often creates a contest to achieve the highest score and either beat others or beat the computer.
 * Simulation Simulation software can provide an approximation of reality that does not require the expense of real life or its risks.
 * Discovery Discovery approach provides a large database of information specific to a course or content area and challenges the learner to analyze, compare, infer and evaluate based on their explorations of the data.
 * Problem Solving This approach helps children develop specific problem solving skills and strategies.

Advantages of CAI
 * One-to-one interaction
 * Great motivator
 * freedom to experiment with different options
 * Instantaneous response/immediate feedback to the answers elicited
 * Self pacing - allow students to proceed at their own pace
 * Helps teacher can devote more time to individual students
 * Privacy helps the shy and slow learner to learns
 * Individual attention
 * Learn more and more rapidly
 * Multimedia helps to understand difficult concepts through multi sensory approach
 * Self directed learning – students can decide when, where, and what to learn

Limitations of CAI
 * May feel overwhelmed by the information and resources available
 * Over use of multimedia may divert the attention from the content
 * Learning becomes too mechanical
 * Non availability of good CAI packages
 * Lack of infrastructure