Community Mobilization on Right to education

=Community Mobilization=

Objectives
At the end of this topic learner will be able
 * 1) To explain Right to Education Act. Objectives.
 * 2) to explain role of Community in School Management.
 * 3) to explain function of SMC members.

Target
" Community. "

Feed Back Mechanism

 * Immediate Reaction Question.

Introduction

 * "Right To Education (RTE) Act, 2009

Right of children to Free and Compulsory Education Act Provides for free and compulsory education to all children of the age of six to fourteen years

The Right of children to Free and Compulsory Education Act came into force from April 1, 2010. This is was a historic day for the people of India as from this day the right to education will be accorded the same legal status as the right to life as provided by Article 21A of the Indian Constitution. Every child in the age group of 6-14 years will be provided 8 years of elementary education in an age appropriate classroom in the vicinity of his/her neighbourhood.

Any cost that prevents a child from accessing school will be borne by the State which shall have the responsibility of enrolling the child as well as ensuring attendance and completion of 8 years of schooling. No child shall be denied admission for want of documents; no child shall be turned away if the admission cycle in the school is over and no child shall be asked to take an admission test. Children with disabilities will also be educated in the mainstream schools. The Prime Minister Shri Manmohan Singh has emphasized that it is important for the country that if we nurture our children and young people with the right education, India’s future as a strong and prosperous country is secure.

All private schools shall be required to enroll children from weaker sections and disadvantaged communities in their incoming class to the extent of 25% of their enrolment, by simple random selection. No seats in this quota can be left vacant. These children will be treated on par with all the other children in the school and subsidized by the State at the rate of average per learner costs in the government schools (unless the per learner costs in the private school are lower).

All schools will have to prescribe to norms and standards laid out in the Act and no school that does not fulfill these standards within 3 years will be allowed to function. All private schools will have to apply for recognition, failing which they will be penalized to the tune of Rs 1 lakh and if they still continue to function will be liable to pay Rs 10,000 per day as fine. Norms and standards of teacher qualification and training are also being laid down by an Academic Authority. Teachers in all schools will have to subscribe to these norms within 5 years.

The National Commission for Protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) has been mandated to monitor the implementation of this historic Right. A special Division within NCPCR will undertake this huge and important task in the coming months and years. A special toll free helpline to register complaints will be set up by NCPCR for this purpose. NCPCR welcomes the formal notification of this Act and looks forward to playing an active role in ensuring its successful implementation.

NCPCR also invites all civil society groups, students, teachers, administrators, artists, writers, government personnel, legislators, members of the judiciary and all other stakeholders to join hands and work together to build a movement to ensure that every child of this country is in school and enabled to get at least 8 years of quality education.

Benefits of Right to Education Act, 2009 RTE has been a part of the directive principles of the State Policy under Article 45 of the Constitution, which is part of Chapter 4 of the Constitution. And rights in Chapter 4 are not enforceable. For the first time in the history of India we have made this right enforceable by putting it in Chapter 3 of the Constitution as Article 21. This entitles children to have the right to education enforced as a fundamental right."

(Margret Atwood) Out of five elements in the earth creation, water holds its most significant place. We human being can make their survival on the earth. In Hindu Mythology water is "varuna". It is the universal solvent which is neither acidic nor basic.Water pollution is caused when we contaminate the water bodies by adding pollutants to it

Contents

 * 1) Microbilogical Parameters.

Water borne diseases spread by contamination of drinking water systems with the urine and faeces of infected animal or people.Waterborne disease in both epidemic and endemic forms continues to occur in both developed and less developed countries. Waterborne diseases are dominated by pathogens which are transmitted by the faecal droplet inhalation (e.g. adenoviruses). It is also interconnected with the consumption of shellfish and other harvest fisheries outputs and through indirect exposure to water in foodstuffs when the water is used in irrigation, in food processing, or as an ingredient. It spread from person to person, consuming contaminated food or beverages, from contact with animals or their environment.

Infectious diseases cause approximately 26% of all deaths worldwide and 31% of all disability. Water plays a role in the transmission of a significant number of these diseases. In the last 20 years, it has been recognized that many diseases are caused by emerging or re-emerging pathogens, 75% of which are zoonotic. Approximately 4 billion cases of diarrhea occur each year, leading worldwide. The percentage of illness caused by pathogens is difficult to determine. Waterborne pathogens cause both gastrointestinal disease such as diarrhea and other illness such as leptospirosis and hepatitis.

Available evidence suggests that emerging waterborne pathogens will continue to be recognized as being of significant and increasing public health concern due to a range of underlying driving forces. This include: •Changing pattern of water use •Increasing travel and recreational activities •Water scarcity, climate change, severe weather events, •Conflicts and disasters •Increasing urbanization and colonization of new habitats •Density of domestic pets •Ecosystem disturbance

Water related diseases are the most common cause of deaths. The paucity of clean water for domestic use has led to the increase in the number of deaths in both the urban and rural parts of developing economies. And India is no different. Deaths due to water related diseases in India are in the range of nearly 80 percent. Here is a list of the 5 most deadly water related diseases that occur in India.

Today, 37.7 million Indians are affected by waterborne diseases annually, 1.5 million children are estimated to die of diarrhoea alone. Until the 10th Five Year Plan, Neither the State itself, nor in partnership with private players has made it a priority to deliver safe drinking water to the country’s 700 million rural population.

If waterborne diseases are eliminated, the sale of antibiotics will come down and pharmaceutical companies will lose revenue. But the flipside, to be ruthlessly businesslike, is that in the long run, a healthier population will fuel economic growth and with it their purchasing power.

Water-borne diseases and water-caused health problems are mostly due to inadequate and incompetent management of water resources. In the urban areas water gets contaminated in many different ways, some of the most common reasons being leaky water pipe joints in areas where the water pipe and sewage line pass close together. Sometimes the water gets polluted at source due to various reasons and mainly due to inflow of sewage into the source.
 * 1) Chemical Parameters.

Assessment
Formative and sumative assement