Classification of translation

CLASSIFICATION OF TRANSLATION?

According to Catford(1965)translation is classified in terms of the extent,level and ranks.They are represented as fallows.

1 FULL VS PARTIAL TRANSLATION (extent) This distinction relates in a syntactic sense of source language text which is submitted to the translation process. In a full translation the entire text is submitted to the translation process:that is,every part of source language text is replaced by target language text material.

In a partial translation,some parts of the source language texts are left untranslated:they are simply transferred to and incorporated in the target language text.

2.TOTAL VS RESTRICTED TRANSLATION(level)

Total translation may best be defined as:replacement of source language grammar and Lexis with consequential replacement of source language phonology/graphology by (non-equivalent)target language phonology /graphology.

Restricted translation means the replacement of source language textual by equivalent target language material,at only one level,that is ,translation performed only at the phonological or at the graphologist, level or at only one of the two levels of grammar and Lexis.

3.FREE VS LITERAL TRANSLATION(rank of translation)

Translation are rank-bound in the sense,usually at word or morpheme rank. a free translation is always unbounded. it's thought to thought translation. literal translation lies between these extremes : it may start, as it were,from a word-for-word translation,but makes changes in conformity with target language grammar.and it is word for word translation.